Effects of Matrigel on the Biocompatibility of Implantable Glucose Sensor Outer Materials Chitosan
Shen Hao1, Liu Jun2, Jing Weiwei3, Suo Yongkuan1, Chang Shijie1, Sha Xianzheng1#*
1.(Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122,China) 2.(The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University,Xiamen 361000, Fujian, China); 3.(The First Hospital Affiliated of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001,China)
Abstract：Currently implantable glucose sensors cannot attain normally work. Chitosan has the characteristics of non-toxic, biodegradable and biocompatible, allowing a good candidate for uses as protective films of the outer layer of the sensors. However, it still cannot meet the requirements in clinical practice The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Matrigel with different concentrations on the biocompatibility of porous chitosan membranes. We used a template leaching technique to prepare porous chitosan membranes (PCSMs). Silica gel was used as the porogen. PCSMs were coated with Matrigel, by dropping different concentrations of Matrigel (10, 15, 20 mg/mL). The PCSMs coated with or without Matrigel were implanted into the back subcutaneous tissues of male SD rats. The implanted membranes with surrounding tissues were taken out at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 weeks. Paraffin section was made with routine procedure. Inflammatory reaction, fibrous capsule thickness and vascular density around the membrane were analyzed by using morphological method and statistical method, comprehensively discussed the biological compatibility of membrane materials were evaluated comprehensively. Morphological observation: nuclei around the membranes were obvious at day 7 and day 14. The number of the inflammatory cells around the PCSMs with different concentrations of Matrigel was less than those of the PCSMs (control group) at the first 7 days. Then the inflammatory cells of the experimental group (with Matrigel) were higher than that of the porous chitosan membrane (control group) at day 14. Variance analysis showed no significant differences between the two groups. Fibrous capsule began to form at day 28, accompanying inflammatory cells decreased, and some collagen accumulated on the surface of membranes. The fibrous capsule became dense over time, the thickness of fibrous capsule decreased obviously at day 56 and day 70. The thickness of fibrous capsule thickness of the experimental group was less than the control group. Variance analysis results showed that the significant difference between experimental group and control group (P< 0.05). Using Bonferroni method, the difference between the control group and experimental group with the 20 mg/mL Matrigel was significantly different at day 42, day 56 and day 70. Near the skin, the P values were 0.01, 0.035 and 0.024; near muscle the p values were 0.036, 0.047 and 0.210. No obvious difference between the other groups (P>0.05). Vascular density around the membranes of each group increased overtime. The general difference between the experimental group and control group was not significant. However differences among the individual data were obvious. Vascular density of some of the PCSM coated with Matrigel was lower than that of the PCSM group. In general, Matrigel can improve the biocompatibility of the porous chitosan membranes to some degree. This can be reflected by the animal experiments.
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