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2012 Vol. 31, No. 6 Published: 2012-12-20 801 Research of Speller System Based on EOG ZHENG Min Min      GAO Xiao Rong* DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.001 The aim of this work is to provide a human-computer interaction system for persons with some physical disabilities. It allows subjects to control devices by controlling the gaze of  direction the eye. A humancomputer interface which displays targets repeating moving between the center and eight around directions was designed. The system could detecte the directions of the eyes movement by analyzing the horizontal and vertical EOG when the eyes follow on the certain moving targets. First, the EMG and blink interference were removed from the horizontal and vertical EOG using the mathematical morphology processing. Next, the feature vectors of different eye motion directions were extracted by principal component analysis (PCA). At last, the smoothed EOG signals were projected onto the feature vectors to detect the directions of the eye movement which were corresponding to a moving target. Subjects could operate the speller system in accordance with one's wish and input a character. A total of 8 subjects' results were analyzed and the average information rate (ITR) was 25.7 bits/min. The combination of  mathematical morphology and principal component analysis  methods was feasible, effective and could extract the information about the directions of the eyes movement. Moreover, the information could be transformed into commands to control external devices effectively. 2012 Vol. 31 (6): 801-806 [Abstract] ( 252 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (375 KB)  ( 901 ) 807 Impact Study and Evaluation of SNR on Different Electrical Impedance Tomography Reconstruction Algorithms DENG Juan1  CHEN Suhua1  SHA Hong2  ZHAO Shu2  REN Chaoshi2 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.002 This work explored the application effect of different electrical impedance tomography (EIT) image reconstruction algorithms in the imaging of single target with different positions or multi-targets when using detection system with different signal-to-noise ratio(SNR). Aiming at EIT system with 16 electrodes, ideal boundary voltage of EIT field obtained by simulation was taken as signal acquired by ideal EIT system, gauss white noise was added to the whole data collected by all the channels of ideal system, so as to simulate the measuring voltage collected by EIT detection systems of which SNR are 40 dB, 60 dB and 80 dB. The linear backprojection algorithm (LBP), Tikhonov regularization, the combined Tikhonov-Noser regularization algorithm, the Landweber iterative and Newton-Raphson algorithm were adopted in the image reconstruction. Imaging error function ER and structure similarity degree SSIM were introduced to evaluate the reconstructed images. With the movement of a single target from the center to the edge of the field, the value of SSIM of all the 5 algorithms increased. For the targets near to the field edge, the value of ER of all the 5 algorithms increased with the increase of targets number. Both LBP and the combined Tikhonov-Noser regularization algorithm successfully produced images for all the 5 targets supposed in this study under the three EIT systems with different SNR. Of all the 5 algorithms, Tikhonov-Noser regularization algorithm obtained the best image reconstruction quality. For the target A near to the field centre, Newton-Raphson algorithm was unable to image when the SNR was 40 dB, while the SNR which Tikhonov and Landweber algorithms are unable to image was from 40 dB to 60 dB. When SNR was 80 dB, image reconstruction quality of LBP was the lowest of all the 5 algorithms. Different algorithms had different requirements to SNR of EIT detection system, the index SNR should be designed according to concrete application target and algorithms adopted when EIT detection system is constructed. Generally, the combined Tikhonov-Noser regularization algorithm was preferred. When the SNR of the system under 60 dB, LBP was advised and it should be abandoned when SNR was over 80 dB. Newton-Raphson is advised when the SNR was about 60 dB. 2012 Vol. 31 (6): 807-815 [Abstract] ( 414 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1518 KB)  ( 750 ) 816 ECG  Clustering Algorithm Based on ARMA MAO XueMin*   ZHANG TingTing  CAI ChuanXi   LI Qiong DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.003 Feature extraction was one of the important parts in electrocardiogram (ECG) clustering. In this article, a simple autoregressive-moving average (ARMA) was applied to fit the ECG. we used the fitting coefficients'Euclidean Distance as dissimilarity to cluster ECG. However contribution of each dimension feature of data sample to the clustering was not considered in that algorithm. Therefore, we further took the contribution which was obtained by the firstly clustering as the weight of each dimension feature. After each dimension coefficient was weighted, we clustered these data again. The PVC and NSR data obtained from MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database, was used for experimentation. The results showed that cluster precision reached to 93.10%, which proved effectiveness of the proposed method. 2012 Vol. 31 (6): 816-821 [Abstract] ( 466 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (470 KB)  ( 933 ) 822 The Study on the Design of MR RF Phased Array Coil using Inverse Method ZHANG ZhanSheng     XIN XueGang* DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.004 Advancement of the magnetic resonance radio frequency (RF) phased array coil technology further can improve the MRI quality. However, the commercial RF phased arrays are not organ-oriented, not able to highlight the located ROI. In this paper, an inverse method is presented for designing RF phased array transmit coil in MRI. First, the ROI was set according to the clinical need, and a target field function was created based on the inverse technology. Next, the current density of the phased array coil was calculated accordingly. The highly ill-posed problem was solved using regularization strategy. Last, the contour charts of the RF phased array coil were obtained by using the stream function technology. In this paper, we designed three kinds of phased array transmit coil with different ROI based on different clinical needs. The magnetic field intensity within the ROI reached higher than 0.957 4 A/m， the magnetic field homogeneity of 10 cm ROI was under 5×10-8. The experimental results showed that the RF phased array coil designed using the inverse method met theory demands and was capable of used in MRI.  2012 Vol. 31 (6): 822-830 [Abstract] ( 340 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1708 KB)  ( 580 ) 831 Anterior Chamber Angle Measurements with High Resolution Fourier-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography WU Wei1DUAN Hui Long1*LI Yan2JIANG Chun Hui3QIN Bing3HUANG David2 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.005 In this article, an automatic method for measuring 3-dimensional (3D) anterior chamber eye angle opening distance (AOD) with Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) was proposed. A special 3D “Angle Arc” scan pattern composed of 25 cross-sectional OCT image frames was designed. The initial boundaries of the anterior and posterior cornea and anterior iris were located in all the frames and then refined. Human input was needed to identify Schwalbe's line (SL) in 3 key frames of each 3D dataset. Next, the computer algorithm was employed to estimate SL locations in the rest 22 frames according to a mapping method. Last, the angle opening distance based on the SL (AOD-SL) was calculated for all the frames. Result showed that the computer algorithm provided a robust and accurate method to measure 3D AOD-SL. The precise angle boundary detection was 96.06% in image frames, and accuracy of the AOD-SL measurement in the key frames was 95.11% by using the automated AOD-SL measurements.The automated AOD-SL measurements agreed well with the human measurements with computer calipers. 2012 Vol. 31 (6): 831-838 [Abstract] ( 391 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (616 KB)  ( 727 ) 839 Efficient and Automated Detection of Microaneurysms from Non-Dilated Fundus Images GAO WeiWei1SHEN JianXin1*WANG YuLiang1LIANG Chun1ZUO Jing2 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.006 In order to automatically detect microaneurysms from non-dilated fundus images, and develop an automated diabetic retinopathy screening system, a novel, simple and efficient algorithm of automatic microaneurysms detection was established and studied in this work. Hard exudates and vessel were segmented by mathematical morphology on the basis of preprocessed green channel of the original non-dilated fundus image in RGB channels. Then, candidate regions of microaneurysms were obtained by removing hard exudates and vessel from the resulting image of extended-minima transform on the previously preprocessed image. Thus, the true lesions of microaneurysms were separated based on size information. The algorithm was tested on two groups of non-dilated fundus images with different quality. Statistical analysis of detection results showed that precision for the two groups were both high, each relative error of corresponding indexes between two groups was lower than 4%, and processing efficiency was high for which the mean time cost for processing an image is 9.7 seconds. Results suggest that the algorithm can efficiently detect microaneurysms from non-dilated fundus images, and it is stable and reliable. As a result, the proposed algorithm has high practical value. 2012 Vol. 31 (6): 839-845 [Abstract] ( 271 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (575 KB)  ( 727 ) 846 Assessment and in vitro Experiment of a Novel Implantable Artificial Anal Sphincter Prototype KE Lei*   YAN Guo Zheng   WENG XiaoJing  LIU Hua   XU QianQian DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.007 In this paper an intelligent and remote-controlled artificial anal sphincter based on biological signal feedback mechanism for a novel artificial anal sphincter system (AASS) was designed and integrated. The peristaltic mechanical medical micropump transported fluid bidirectional with a maximum flow rate of 8.5 mL/min  and built up backpressure up to 170 kPa. The design of the prosthesis reduced the occlusion pressure and allowed low inflation volumes (9～10.5 mL). The operating pressures between 3.34 and 7.26 kPa  indicated a minor risk of ischemic injury to the bowel. Furthermore, the operation time was estimated at about 2 days with rechargeable battery based on transcutaneous energy transfer technology. The results of  in vitro experiments indicated that the system could control the fecal and build the sense of defecation successfully.This AASS is promising in application for the patients with severe anal dysfunction caused by fecal incontinence or colostomy. 2012 Vol. 31 (6): 846-852 [Abstract] ( 281 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (672 KB)  ( 790 ) 853 The Experimental Study of Effect of Simulated Weightlessness on Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy of Rat Blood GONG Yu    SHEN Bin    CHEN Lin    FANG Yun    MA Qing* DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.008 The aim of this work is to explain the mechanisms of electrophysiological changes in rat blood cell by using RC equivalent circuit model under simulated weightlessness. Simulating weightlessness model was established by rat tail suspension. Electrical impedance spectroscopy of rat blood on the control and tail suspension group was performed using Aligent 4294A impedance analyzer. Electrical parameters (resistivity and capacitance) of blood were compared between the control and tail suspension through numerical calculation of equivalent circuit model and curve fitting analysis. After 60 days post simulating weightlessness, decrease in the hematocrit (Hct) and resistivity of the erythrocyte membrane were compared with that of normal group. Experimental reuslts showed that the decrease in extracellular and intracellular resistivity was 16.44% and 1.54% respectively, the cell membrane and intracellular capacitance decreased by 4.66% and 0.83% respectively, but extracellular capacitance remained unchanged. The rat blood hematocrit (Hct) and erythrocyte membrane resistivity were significantly reduced in the simulating weightlessness model, which led to reduction in electrical impedance of the extracellular fluid and whole blood, thus gave rise to electrical conductivity. The electrical impedance spectroscopy moved to low resistance direction. 2012 Vol. 31 (6): 853-858 [Abstract] ( 416 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (505 KB)  ( 900 ) 859 Development of Chemiluminescence Immune Detection System Based on Photomultiplier Tube SUN Fu Jia1,2,3*CHEN Shuo Shuo1  CAI Jin Da1,3YOU Qian Lin1 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.009 In this work a full automatic chemiluminescence immune analyzer was designed and fabricated base on photomultiplier tube (PMT). Experiments were conducted in which the prolactin (PRL) was taken as a detection object, the Horse Radish Peroxidase (HRP) served as Markey enzyme, and the Pierce Luminol (excitation substrate) was employed as a light resource. The PMT data obtained by the chemiluminescence immune detection system was processed, calibrated through the number of light emitting detection of five different consistency of PRL.The relationship between the consistency of PRL and the lightemitting was obtained. Samples in positive range of consistency (sample A) and negative range of consistency (sample B) and samples for LUMO and Liaison were measured. The results of sample A obtained from the present system, LUMO and Liaison were 51.724, 46.198, 43.792 ng/mL respectively, the data of sample B were 11.702, 15.133, 8.069 ng/mL respectively. It showed that the automatic chemiluminescence immune system can measure the negative or positive of samples and meet the application requirements of the immunoassay through the comparison with other chemiluminescence analyzers. 2012 Vol. 31 (6): 859-865 [Abstract] ( 408 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (561 KB)  ( 852 ) 866 Numerical Simulation of Hemodynamics in Suturing and Sutureless Anastomotic Models GAO Jin Tao   WANG Guo Dong   XIAO Ju Liang* DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.010 In order to clarify the influence of the sutureless anastomotic devices on hemodynamic factors in proximal anastomosis in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), suturing and sutureless anastomotic models were constructed by software Solidworks. The pulsatile flows in the two models were simulated and analyzed with finite element method and software Fluent 6.3. The distribution of velocity, second flow, pressure and wall shear stress were calculated with a function of time in a cardiac cycle. Results showed that using the sutureless anastomotic devices enlarged the area of low velocity, which was 0.2 m/s higher than suturing model, while increased the magnitude of the velocity in grafts. The wall shear stress in anastomosis ranged from 0 to 50 Pa and changed dramatically, besides, stress concentration was more serious in sutureless anastomotic model, which would lead to the activation of the platelets and intimal hyperplasia. Optimal design of sutureless anastomotic devices is necessary for the improvement of CABG patency rates. 2012 Vol. 31 (6): 866-874 [Abstract] ( 305 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (938 KB)  ( 567 ) 875 Gene Expression Data Analysis of Different Brain Areas Based on Non-Negative Matrix Factorization KONG Wei 1* TAO Wei Jie 1 MOU Xiao Yang2 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.011 It is accounted that various regulatory activities between genes contain in the gene expression datasets. Alzheimers disease (AD) are characterized by its hidden onset, complex pathological mechanism, hard diagnosis and it is difficult to reconstruct the genes signal pathways and its regulatory network. In this work, we improved nonsmooth nonnegative matrix factorization (nsNMF) to identify significant genes of Alzheimers disease (AD) using cophenetic correlation coefficient to confirm the clustering number k. Since gene expression dataset has high noise, and the underlying information is hard to analyze according to the function of brain areas, we applied nsNMF to AD samples of hippocampus (HIP), entorhinal cortex (EC), media temporal gyrus (MTG) and primary visual cortex (VCX) which have close relationship of human learning and memory. After that, 3800 of significant genes were extracted including 10 known pathogenic genes. By biological analysis, many AD related biological process like apoptosis, metabolize and inflammation were obtained, and it is demonstrated that the improved nsNMF and the conjoint analysis method can deeply explore the pathways and gene regulatory ways of AD. 2012 Vol. 31 (6): 875-881 [Abstract] ( 347 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (696 KB)  ( 752 ) 882 The Construction of Pathogenic Plasmodium Molecular Functional Annotation Secondary Database REN Yu Qiang1  LI Li Ming1*CHAI Xin Yu1  REN Qiu Shi2  XU San Gang  ZHUANG   Yong Long  HAO Zhi Yong  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.012 This research is intended to annotate functions of the molecules from highthroughput experimental data produced in the study of pathogenic plasmodium molecular mechanism. J2EE, MySQL, MVC architecture, Web Services and Hibernate techniques were applied to construct a secondary database (PlasmoFADB). Fisher's exact test was utilized for enrichment analysis of Gene Ontology and Pathway. Graphviz tool was used to provide a graphic description for protein-protein interaction. The PlasmoFADB provides a variety of molecular annotation types and displays the annotation results of Gene Ontology, Pathway and PPI with graphic interface. The establishment of the database is a valuable tool to understand the gene functions, signaling pathway in pathogenic plasmodium and helpful for its malaria vaccine antigen screening. 2012 Vol. 31 (6): 882-888 [Abstract] ( 247 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1707 KB)  ( 413 ) 889 Finite Element Analysis of Fracture Toughness of Pyrolytic Carbon in Prosthetic Heart Valve ZHANG Jian Hui*  XING Xing DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.013 This article  used ANSYS to conduct simulation analysis of compact tension and 3 points bending test for the isotropic pyrolytic carbon and pyrolytic carboncoated graphite composite material used in heart valve prosthesis, calculated the plane strain fracture toughnessKIC　and compared the calculated results with the results of related experiments, then analyzed the effectiveness of the method that used ANSYS to calculateKIC as well as the influence of the thickness ratio of the coating and substrate and crack tip radius for theKIC　of pyrolytic carboncoated graphite composite material. Results showed that theKIC of the pure pyrolytic carbon and graphite material were respectively 1.176 MPa and 1415 MPa， which were close to the results of related experiments, verifying the accuracy of using ANSYS to calculateKIC; theKIC of composite material of pyrolytic carboncoated graphite reduced with the increase of thickness ratio for the coating and substrate. The fracture toughness of composite material was better than that of pure pyrolytic carbon or graphite composite material when the thickness ratio of coating and substrate was on the low side; pyrolitic carboncoated graphite had a limit notch root radiusρ0, which was about 5 μm, when the notch root radiusρ>ρ0, the measured value of KIC was proportional toρ1/2, and when ρ<ρ0, the measured value of KIC was in line with the value of samples with sharp crack. 2012 Vol. 31 (6): 889-894 [Abstract] ( 261 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (678 KB)  ( 586 ) 895 Effect of LowIntensity Pulsed Ultrasound Combined with Guided Bone Regeneration on Canine Periodontal Fenestration Defect in Beagle Dogs GAO Xiang1   SONG Jin Lin1*DENG Feng1   ZHAO Chun Liang2   WANG Zhi Biao2 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.014 The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of combined application of lowintensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) and guided bone regeneration (GBR) on canine periodontal fenestration defect in Beagle dogs. In the experiments, five Beagle dogs were used for establishing 5 mm×5 mm periodontal fenestration defect. Four canines in each dog were randomly divided into LIPUS（90 mW/cm2, 20 min/d）group, LIPUS（90 mW/cm2, 20 min/d）+ GBR group, GBR group and Control group. Each group had 5 teeth. In order to compare the tissue repair among the groups, the specimens of periodontal fenestration were obtained for histological analysis (HE and Masson staining), Micro-CT test and histometric analysis (the measurement of new bone area, NBA and its percentage in initial defect area, NBA%) after 4 weeks. Micro-CT test results showed that the area of new alveolar bone from large to small was LIPUS+GBR group, GBR group, LIPUS group, and Control group. Histological analysis showed that the Masson staining of new bone in LIPUS and LIPUS+GBR group was mainly red while GBR and control group was mainly blue. It suggested the new bone collagen in LIPUS group and LIPUS+GBR group was more mature than in GBR group and control group. Histometric analysis showed that NBA and NBA% were 0.39 mm2 and 7.74% in respectively LIPUS group; 0.52 mm2 and 10.30% respectively in LIPUS+GBR group; 0.41 mm2 and 7.44% respectively in GBR group; 0.24 mm2 and 4.64% respectively in Control group. Differences between groups were significant (P＜0.05). It suggested the amount of new alveolar bone from large to small was LIPUS+GBR group, GBR group, LIPUS group, and Control group. LIPUS combined with guided bone regeneration (GBR) can promote early repair of periodontal fenestration defect. 2012 Vol. 31 (6): 895-901 [Abstract] ( 218 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1127 KB)  ( 405 ) 902 A Study on Biocompatibility and Modification of Anticoagulant Coated Aterial Filter LU Hai Bin1   LI Tong 2*DUAN Da Wei 2GAO Wen Qing2YU Mei Li3ZHOU Shu Fen2LI Jin You1 YU Guang Dong1 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.015 In order to develop novel aterial filter with excellent biocompatibility, we prepared dacron filter coated with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) or partial oxidation sodium alginate (OSA). The functional groups of the surface coating were determined with infrared spectroscopy. The biocompatibility was evaluated including contact angle, protein adhesion, in vitro platelet adhesion, coagulation indices, in vitro thrombosis. The safty was assessed by the loss of coating material, flow/roating speed, inlet and transfilter pressure during analog circulation. There are similar changes in the infrared spectroscopy of coated material at the location of LMWH‘s or OSA’s absorption peak. After being coated, the contact angle, albumin and fibrinogen adhering to the surface of dacron filter were decreased (P<0.05). For the LMWH coating, contact angle (32.7±4.65)°, albumin and fibrinogen adhered (2.56±0.81,1.63±0.37) μg/cm2 were higher than that (25.2±4.02)°,(2.00±0.32,1.32±0.14)μg/cm2 of OSA coating. The anticoagulant activity was notably promoted by coating, and dacron coated with LMWH was better than OSA (P<0.05). There was about 10% coating material loss in the analog circulation. The inlet and trans.filter pressure of coating filters was slightly increased, and flow/rotate was decreased. In conclusion, chemical graft-modification can be applied to the dacron filter. The biocompatibility of the coated materials is significantly promoted, and the safty meet the clinical demand. LMWH coating material has better hemocompatibility, while OSA coating material have better histocompatibility. For the carrier ability and low cost, OSA coating would get more development space. 2012 Vol. 31 (6): 902-909 [Abstract] ( 372 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (623 KB)  ( 623 ) 910 Synthesis and Self-Assembling NanoMicelles of Phosphatidyl  Polyethyleneglycol Monomethyl Ether WU Li    CHEN Jing      LIU TianJun* DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.016 A series of phosphatidyl polyethyleneglycol monomethyl ether nanomicelles were synthesized by benzyl protecting, hydrogenation reduction and esterification using glycerol as raw material. The micelles were prepared by solvent evaporation method, and characterized and analized by fluorescent probe, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Zeta PALSsubmicron size and potential analyzer. Experimental  results showed that the mPEG-lipids formed spherical micelles with coreshell structure and an average diameter of 100～200 nm, and the CMC of nano-micelles were 10-6mol/L. Compared to conventional small molecules surfactant, mPEGlipids micelles have better stability in water due to the lower CMC. Ambient effect such as salt, glucose exerts a strong influence on the stability of the micelles. And these influence is tightly correlated to their concentration. Due to their stable structure, phosphatidyl polyethyleneglycol monomethyl ether nano-micelles have promise of being applied as nano carriers for drugs. 2012 Vol. 31 (6): 910-917 [Abstract] ( 203 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (805 KB)  ( 499 ) 918 Preparation and Evaluation of Novel Anticoagulant Coating Material with Aldehyde Alginate LI Jin You1LI Tong2*GAO Wen Qing2   YU Mei Li3    HU Xiao Ming2XU Jin2 LU HaiBin1 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.017 This study is aimed to use oxidated sodium alginate（OSA）to coat medical polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe used for extracorporeal circulation, and evaluate the hemocompatibility and biocompatibility. The PVC pipe was coated with OSA. Its  hemocompatibility and biocompatibility were evaluated and compared with those of  PVCC and heparin-coated PVCM. The anticoagulant properties of oxidated sodium alginate coating group（PVCS）was lower than PVCM（P＜0.05）, but significantly better than that of PVCC（P＜0.05）. The protein adhesion of PVCS was significantly lower than that of the PVCC（P＜0.05) and PVCM（P＜0.05）. The platelet adhesion of PVCS was significantly lower than that of PVCC（P＜0.05），but had no significantly difference from that of PVCM（P>0.05）. The expulsion rates of PVCS had a similar tendency to that of PVCM in 72 hours. CONCLUSION: The PVCS coating improved biocompatibility, anticoagulant property and stability of PVC. 2012 Vol. 31 (6): 918-924 [Abstract] ( 475 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (590 KB)  ( 611 ) 925 Subcellular Spot Detection for Fluorescence Microscopic Images WU Jian1 ZHAO Ting2TAN Ying Jun3LI Ying Hui3ZHENG Xiao Xiang1,2* DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.018 Quantitative analysis of high throughput fluorescence microscopic image is a powerful tool to study dynamic processes in living cells. Many subcellular objects of interest appear as diffraction-limited spots in the image. The limitations of imaging conditions often lead to fluorescence microscopic images inhomogeneous and lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), making manual analysis a very challenging task. Designing the automatic subcellular spot detection method is a prerequisite for high throughput fluorescence microscopic image processing. This review presented a detailed overview of recent advances in the key techniques of　spot detection method, including noise reduction, signal enhancement and signal thresholding. The bottlenecks and common difficulties of the algorithm design were discussed on the basis of summarizing advantages and disadvantages of the exiting spot detection methods. At the same time, the prospect of the related research was discussed. 2012 Vol. 31 (6): 925-933 [Abstract] ( 346 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (580 KB)  ( 711 ) 934 Progress in Image Processing Methods of Optical Imaging Based on Intrinsic Signals LU YunDa1LU Yi Liang1CHEN Yao1CHAI XinYu1REN Qiu Shi2 LI Li Ming1* DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.019 Optical imaging based on intrinsic signals is a novel technique for brain functional imaging, which can help researchers explore the brain function more effectively because of its high spatial resolution, simple structure and long-time in-vivo recording. However, the functional signals recorded by the optical imaging based on intrinsic signals are usually quite weak, it is very necessary to investigate appropriate image processing  methods  to improve the SNR. This article reviewed the research progress of the image processing methods in optical imaging based on intrinsic signals. After introducing the traditional image processing methods, we mainly introduced some novel image processing approaches including principal component analysis, independent component analysis, local similarity minimization, receiver operating characteristic curve and indicator function. It has been demonstrated that the novel image processing methods can effectively improve the image quality. 2012 Vol. 31 (6): 934-940 [Abstract] ( 455 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (596 KB)  ( 753 ) 941 Comparison of Two Different in vitro Primary Human Hepatocytes Culture REN Yu Qiang1   LI LiMing1* CHAI Xin Yu1    REN Qiu Shi2    YANG Bo  LIU Bao Lin*  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.020 2012 Vol. 31 (6): 941-945 [Abstract] ( 278 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (488 KB)  ( 434 ) 946 Development of a Novel Medical Instrument Based on STM32 and USB Interface for Generating Signal with Opening Style and High Performance CHEN Long Cong1,3 LIU Gai Qin2    LIU Ya Tao1    GAO Bin1,3XIONG Xing Liang1,3* DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.021 2012 Vol. 31 (6): 946-950 [Abstract] ( 252 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (494 KB)  ( 496 ) 951 Text Reader Based on Asynchronous Brain-Computer Interface REN Yu Qiang1    LI Li Ming1*CHAI Xin Yu1   REN Qiu Shi2   ZHAO Li  GUO Xu Hong* DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.022 2012 Vol. 31 (6): 951-955 [Abstract] ( 298 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (796 KB)  ( 448 ) 956 Feature Extraction of fMRI Data Based on Wavelet Packet Transform ZHI Lian He1*Tan Su Min2    Yang Jian Guo3 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-8021.2012.06.023 2012 Vol. 31 (6): 956-960 [Abstract] ( 521 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (427 KB)  ( 551 )

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