Study on Pull-Out Strength and Failure Modes of Three-Periodic Minimal Surface Bone Implants
Xiang Zhipeng1, Zeng Kai1, Li Song2*, Xing Baoying1, Li Xiaohu1, Zhang Zihao1
1(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China) 2(Department of Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China)
Abstract：Due to its controllable physical properties, TPMS bone implants are widely used in bone scaffolding engineering, and the pull-out strength and failure form of surgical screws for component fastening in TPMS bone implants are important issues of concern in theoretical research and clinical application. In this paper, the extraction behavior of screws in Primitive and Gyroid TPMS structures was systematically studied by combining finite element simulation and experimental verification. Firstly, the finite element model of primitive and gyroid structures with different porosity (60% and 70%) and unit cell size (5.0 mm, 7.5 mm) were established, the screw extraction process was simulated, its mechanical response and failure mode were predicted, and the nylon PA12 specimen was prepared by additive manufacturing technology, and the extraction test was carried out to verify the simulation results. The results showed that the simulation was highly consistent with the experimental results, which verified the reliability of the model. Among them, the Gyroid structure showed better pull-out performance than the Primitive structure due to its continuous stress distribution characteristics, and the pull-out strength reached 1329.2 N under the optimal parameter combination (porosity of 60% and unit cell size of 7.5 mm). The study further revealed the relationship between the pull-out strength and the failure mode: when the overall block fracture occurred in the structure, the energy absorption value (> 150 mJ) and pull-out strength were high. Local fragmentation fractures corresponded to the lower energy absorption (< 150 mJ) and pull-out strength. The failure mode was regulated by the size of the unit cell, and the stability of the screw could be improved by adjusting this parameter to guide the structure to tend to break as a whole. This study clarified the influence of TPMS structural parameters on screw stability, and provided a theoretical basis and modeling method reference for the anti-extraction design and performance optimization of porous structures in bone implants.
向志鹏, 曾凯, 李松, 邢保英, 李小虎, 张子豪. 三周期极小曲面骨植入物拉拔强度及失效形式研究[J]. 中国生物医学工程学报, 2026, 45(3): 344-351.
Xiang Zhipeng, Zeng Kai, Li Song, Xing Baoying, Li Xiaohu, Zhang Zihao. Study on Pull-Out Strength and Failure Modes of Three-Periodic Minimal Surface Bone Implants. Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2026, 45(3): 344-351.
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