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| Hyperthermia Effect of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Guided by Aptamer on 4T1 Breast Cancer Cells |
| Chen Enyuan1,2&, Jiang Zhengting3&, Ding Jiayi1, Kan Junnan1, Zu Hanyu1, Yan Peng3* |
1(School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China)
2(First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China)
3(School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China) |
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Abstract Magnetic nanomaterials have been widely used in tumor imaging diagnosis and magnetic hyperthermia due to their unique magnetic properties. In this study, Fe3O4 nanoparticles were prepared by chemical coprecipitation method, and calreticulin receptor-targeted iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Apt) were formed by coupling aptamer (Apt23) on the surface of the nanoparticles through an amide reaction. The hyperthermia effects of Fe3O4@Apt nanoparticles on breast cancer tumor cells (4T1) were investigated. The phase and crystal structure of Fe3O4 nanoparticles were analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The morphology, particle size, zeta potential and saturation magnetization of Fe3O4 nanoparticles before and after modification were characterized by transmission electron microscope, nanoparticle size analyzer and vibrating sample magnetometer, respectively. Functional groups on Fe3O4 nanoparticles, both before and post-modification, were analyzed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The targeting effect of Fe3O4 nanoparticles on 4T1 cells was determined by Prussian blue staining. Cell viability and proliferation of 4T1 cells and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) were detected by MTT assay. Under an alternating magnetic field (ACMF), the heating performance and in vitro magnetic hyperthermia effects of Fe3O4 nanoparticles before and after modification were measured. There were at least 3 replicates (n≥3) in all quantitative tests. Experimental results showed that the crystallization of Fe3O4 nanoparticles was good, and the morphology and magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles did not change significantly before and after modification. The aptamer modification enhanced the surface electronegativity and increased the average particle size. The average particle sizes of Fe3O4 and Fe3O4@Apt were (9±4) and (18±5) nm, respectively. The zeta potentials were (-20.4±0.6) and (-27±0.4) mV, respectively. The absorption peak of Fe3O4@Apt nanoparticles at1 037 cm-1 indicated successful coupling with Apt23. Fe3O4 nanoparticles before and after modification could support the normal growth and proliferation of 4T1 and MEF cells. After 24 h incubation, there was no significant difference of the cells viability between Fe3O4@Apt nanoparticles and Fe3O4 nanoparticles at different concentrations (P>0.05). Under the ACMF, Fe3O4 nanoparticles exhibited effective heating capabilities before and after modification, and the cell proliferation rate in the targeted treatment group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, Fe3O4@Apt nanoparticles exhibited excellent targeting specificity toward breast cancer cell 4T1, and the magnetic hyperthermia effectively inhibited 4T1 cell proliferation in vitro.
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Received: 05 February 2023
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| About author:: &Co-first author |
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