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| Progress of Separation and Enrichment of Rare Cells from Blood |
| Song Wanyun1, Wang Huiyu2, Wang Mingming3, Zhang Tao1* |
1(College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China)
2(Nanjing Medical University Attached Wuxi People′s Hospital, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China)
3(Be Creative Lab (Beijing) Co. Ltd, Beijing 101111, China) |
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Abstract In recent years, high-efficiency, high-purity enrichment or capture of rare cells that containing less than 100 per milliliter of blood, and non-destructive release of captured target cells are hot research topics in the field of precise tumor treatment and early disease diagnosis. Among them, the enrichment of rare cells such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and fetal nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs) are the most extensive. Aiming at these two kinds of rare cells, we summarized the research progress in the field from the perspectives of separation and enrichment principle, experimental methods and separation efficiency, and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of various methods. On the whole, the separation principle and methods of rare cells can be roughly divided into physical sorting method and immunoaffinity method. The former utilizes the physical characteristics of rare cells such as size and hydrodynamics. While in the later method, rare cells are isolated and enriched by utilizing the differences caused by the immunoaffinity reactions of specific receptors and antibodies, as well as the nucleic acid aptamers on the cell surfaces. In addition, we further introduced the physical properties of rare cells and the application of emerging technologies such as nanotechnology, microfluidics and single cell manipulation in the field of separation and enrichment of rare cells, and briefly compared various separation methods.
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Received: 29 August 2018
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