Abstract：Depression is a common mental illness that has aroused general concerns. The depression has the characteristics of high prevalence, high recurrence rate and high mortality. It’s important and of significanceto study the pathogenesis and effective treatment approches. As a non-invasive, safe and effective method, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has superiority in treating the depression. Although many clinical studies have proven its effectiveness,basic experimental studies on the animal model are still needed for fully insight into the optimal selection of stimulus parameters and its mechanism. Here we reviewed the research of the effects of TMS on depression rat model in recent years from two aspects: stimulus parameters and the underlying mechanisms. This paper discussed some major problems and future prospects of the research on TMS treating depression rat model in order to promote the development and application of TMS.
王玲, 杨佳佳, 王发颀, 万柏坤, 明东. 经颅磁刺激对抑郁模型动物的作用研究进展[J]. 中国生物医学工程学报, 2018, 37(4): 498-507.
Wang Ling, Yang Jiajia, Wang Faqi, Wan Baikun, Ming Dong. Research Progress of Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on the Depression Animal Model. Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2018, 37(4): 498-507.
[1] Smith K. Mental health: A world of depression [J]. Nature, 2014, 515(7526): 181-181. [2] Holden C. Global survey examines impact of depression [J]. Science, 2000, 288(5463): 39-40. [3] 刘佳莉,苑玉和,陈乃宏. 抑郁症的治疗研究进展 [J]. 中国药理学通报, 2011, 27(9): 1193-1196. [4] O'Reardon JP, Solvason HB, Janicak PG, et al. Efficacy and safety of transcranial magnetic stimulation in the acute treatment of major depression: a multisite randomized controlled trial [J]. Biological Psychiatry, 2007, 62(11): 1208-1216. [5] Pagnin D, De QV, Pini S, et al. Efficacy of ECT in depression: A meta-analytic review [J]. Focus, 2008, 6(1): 155-162. [6] Tan Tao, Xie Jiacun, Tong Zhiqian, et al. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation increases excitability of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons [J]. Brain Research, 2013, 1520(28): 23-25. [7] 钱龙, 吴东宇. 经颅直流电刺激在脑损伤临床中的应用 [J]. 中国康复医学杂志, 2011, 26(9): 878-881. [8] Kalu UG, Sexton CE, Loo CK, et al. Transcranial direct current stimulation in the treatment of major depression: A meta-analysis [J]. Psychological Medicine, 2012, 42(9): 1791-1800. [9] Brunoni AR, Moffa AH, Sampaio-Junior B, et al. Trial of electrical direct-current therapy versus escitalopram for depression [J]. New England Journal of Medicine, 2017, 376(26): 2523-2533. [10] 胡希文,谭忠林,李达,等. 高频重复经颅磁刺激治疗抑郁症的研究进展 [J]. 国际精神病学杂志, 2016(1): 40-44. [11] Wassermann EM, Lisanby SH. Therapeutic application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: A review [J]. Clinical Neurophysiology, 2001, 112(8): 1367-1377. [12] 陈运平,梅元武,孙圣刚,等. 低频重复经颅磁刺激对慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠行为学及脑内单胺类神经递质的影响 [J]. 中华物理医学与康复杂志, 2005, 27(12): 724-727. [13] Wang HY, Crupi D, Liu Jingjing, et al. rTMS enhances BDNF-TrkB signaling in both brain and lymphocyte [J]. Journal of Neuroscience, 2011, 31(30): 11044-11054. [14] Levkovitz Y, Grisaru N, Segal M. Transcranial magnetic stimulation and antidepressive drugs share similar cellular effects in rat hippocampus [J]. Neuropsychopharmacology, 2001, 24(6): 608-616. [15] Yang Huiyun, Yang Liu, Xie Jiacun, et al. Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on synaptic plasticity and apoptosis in vascular dementia rats [J]. Behavioural Brain Research, 2015, 281: 149-155. [16] Kim EJ, Kim WR, Chi SE, et al. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation protects hippocampal plasticity in an animal model of depression [J]. Neuroscience Letters, 2006, 405(1-2): 79-83. [17] Ben-Shachar D, Gazawi H, Riboyad-Levin J, et al. Chronic repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation alters beta-adrenergic and 5-HT2 receptor characteristics in rat brain [J]. Brain Research, 1999, 816(1): 78-83. [18] Feng Shufang, Shi Tianyao, Fan Yang, et al. Long-lasting effects of chronic rTMS to treat chronic rodent model of depression [J]. Behavioural Brain Research, 2012, 232(1): 245-251. [19] Sachdev PS, Mcbride R, Loo C, et al. Effects of different frequencies of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on the forced swim test model of depression in rats [J]. Biological Psychiatry, 2002, 51(6): 474-479. [20] Zhang Nan, Xing Mengya, Wang Yiyi, et al. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation enhances spatial learning and synaptic plasticity via the VEGF and BDNF-NMDAR pathways in a rat model of vascular dementia [J]. Neuroscience, 2015, 311: 284-291. [21] Gershon AA, Dannon PN, Grunhaus L. Transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of depression [J]. American Journal of Psychiatry, 2003; 160(5): 835-845. [22] Jennum P, Klitgaard H. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulations of the rat effect of acute and chronic stimulations on pentylenetetrazole-induced clonic seizures [J]. Epilepsy Research, 1996, 23(2): 115-122. [23] Lisanby SH, Luber B, Sackeim HA, et al. Deliberate seizure induction with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in nonhuman primates [J]. Archives of General Psychiatry, 2001, 58(2): 199-200. [24] Salunke BP, Umathe SN, Chavan JG. Low frequency magnetic field induces depression by rising nitric oxide levels in the mouse brain [J]. International Journal of Research and Development in Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 2013; 2: 439-450. [25] Kim SY, Lee DW, Kim H, et al. Chronic repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation enhances GABAergic and cholinergic metabolism in chronic unpredictable mild stress rat model: 1H-NMR spectroscopy study at 11.7T [J]. Neuroscience Letters, 2014, 572: 32-37. [26] Sun Peng, Wang Furong, Wang Li, et al. Increase in cortical pyramidal cell excitability accompanies depression-like behavior in mice: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study [J]. Journal of Neuroscience, 2011, 31(45): 16464-16472. [27] Wang Huaning, Wang Lei, Zhang Ruiguo, et al. Anti-depressive mechanism of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in rat: the role of the endocannabinoid system [J]. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 2014, 51(4): 79-87. [28] Chen Yihuan, Zhang Ruiguo, Xue Fen, et al. Quetiapine and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation ameliorate depression-like behaviors and up-regulate the proliferation of hippocampal-derived neural stem cells in a rat model of depression: The involvement of the BDNF/ERK signal pathway [J]. Pharmacology Biochemistry & Behavior, 2015, 136(5): 39-46. [29] 叶青,李巍,王正荣,等. 不同频率的重复经颅磁刺激的抗抑郁作用 [J]. 西部医学, 2007, 19(4): 516-518. [30] Rodger J, Mo C, Wilks T, et al. Transcranial pulsed magnetic field stimulation facilitates reorganization of abnormal neural circuits and corrects behavioral deficits without disrupting normal connectivity [J]. Faseb Journal, 2012, 26(4): 1593-1606. [31] 毛薇,欧阳取平,王玉平. 重复经颅磁刺激技术治疗抑郁症的研究与进展 [J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2005, 9(8): 116-118. [32] Valiulis V, Gerulskis G, Dapys K, et al. Electrophysiological differences between high and low frequency rTMS protocols in depression treatment [J]. Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis, 2012, 72(3): 283-295. [33] Arns M, Drinkenburg WH, Fitzgerald PB, et al. Neurophysiological predictors of non-response to rTMS in depression [J]. Brain Stimulation, 2012, 5(4): 569-576. [34] Grunhaus L, Dannon PN, Schreiber S, et al. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is as effective as electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of nondelusional major depressive disorder: an open study [J]. Biological Psychiatry, 2000, 47(4): 314-324. [35] Fujiki M, Steward O. High frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation mimics the effects of ECS in upregulating astroglial gene expression in the murine CNS [J]. Brain Research Molecular Brain Research, 1997, 44(2): 301-308. [36] Ji RR, Schlaepfer TE, Aizenman CD, et al. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation activates specific regions in rat brain [J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1998, 95(26): 15635-15640. [37] 任慧聪, 张朝辉, 赵琳,等. 重复经颅磁刺激对慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠行为学及HPA轴的影响 [J]. 中华物理医学与康复杂志, 2016, 38(9): 664-668.. [38] Zhou Qizhi, Wei Jiaolu, Cai Dingjun, et al. Effects of electroacupuncture combined with rTMS on gene expression of adrenocortical hormone receptor in centrum of anxiety rat model [J]. Chongqing Medicine, 2012, 41(4): 317-319. [39] Chen Dengbang, Liu Yanyou, Yang Bo, et al. Effects and mechanism of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on depression in rats [J]. Space Medicine and Medical Engineering, 2006, 19(4): 297-300. [40] 蔡伯艳,谢海芳,愈雯雯. 抑郁症与神经递质关系的研究进展 [J]. 辽宁中医药大学学报, 2007, 9(5): 51-52. [41] Ben-Shachar D, Gazawi H, Riboyad-Levin J, et al. Chronic repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation alters β-adrenergic and 5-HT 2 receptor characteristics in rat brain [J]. Brain Research, 1999, 816(1): 78-83. [42] Keck ME, Welt T, Müller MB, et al. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation increases the release of dopamine in the mesolimbic and mesostriatal system [J]. Neuropharmacology, 2002, 43(1): 101-109. [43] 白冰,赵琳,张朝辉. 重复经颅磁刺激对抑郁大鼠学习记忆及海马CA3区超微结构的影响 [J]. 中华物理医学与康复杂志, 2014, 36(7): 503-507. [44] 宋毅军, 田心. 低频经颅磁刺激对颞叶癫痫大鼠颞叶和海马细胞凋亡的影响 [J]. 神经科学通报(英文版), 2004, 20(1): 14-17. [45] 赵琳,白冰,任慧聪,等. 重复经颅磁刺激对慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠行为及海马神经元凋亡的影响 [J]. 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志, 2015, 24(8): 684-688. [46] Duman RS. Role of neurotrophic factors in the etiology and treatment of mood disorders [J]. Neuromolecular Medicine, 2004, 5(1): 11-25. [47] Cheeran B, Talelli P, Mori F, et al. A common polymorphism in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene (BDNF) modulates human cortical plasticity and the response to rTMS [J]. Journal of Physiology, 2008, 586(23): 5717-5725. [48] Zanardini R, Gazzoli A, Ventriglia M, et al. Effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on serum brain derived neurotrophic factor in drug resistant depressed patients [J]. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2006, 91(1): 83-86. [49] Müller MB, Toschi N, Kresse AE, et al. Long-term repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation increases the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and cholecystokinin mRNA, but not neuropeptide tyrosine mRNA in specific areas of rat brain [J]. Neuropsychopharmacology, 2000, 23(2): 205-215. [50] 张小乔,李鹂,霍江涛,等. 重复经颅磁刺激对慢性应激抑郁大鼠抑郁行为及海马神经元再生的影响 [J]. 中华物理医学与康复杂志, 2011, 33(5): 336-339. [51] Castillopadilla DV, Funke K. Effects of chronic iTBS-rTMS and enriched environment on visual cortex early critical period and visual pattern discrimination in dark-reared rats [J]. Developmental Neurobiology, 2016, 76(1): 19-33. [52] 刘高华,陈冠婕,陈怡环,等. 重复经颅磁刺激对抑郁模型大鼠行为的改善作用及机制 [J]. 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志, 2013, 22(9): 769-772. [53] Makowiecki K, Harvey AR, Sherrard RM, et al. Low-intensity repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation improves abnormal visual cortical circuit topography and upregulates BDNF in mice [J]. Journal of Neuroscience, 2014, 34(32): 10780-10792. [54] Gersner R, Kravetz E, Feil J, et al. Long-term effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on markers for neuroplasticity: Differential outcomes in anesthetized and awake animals [J]. Journal of Neuroscience, 2011, 31(20): 7521-7526. [55] Tang AD, Makowiecki K, Bartlett C, et al. Low intensity repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation does not induce cell survival or regeneration in a mouse optic nerve crush model [J]. PLoS ONE, 2015, 10(5): e0126949. [56] Ueyama E, Ukai S, Ogawa A, et al. Chronic repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation increases hippocampal neurogenesis in rats [J]. Psychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences, 2011, 65(1): 77-81. [57] Czéh B, Welt T, Fischer AK, et al. Chronic psychosocial stress and concomitant repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: Effects on stress hormone levels and adult hippocampal neurogenesis [J]. Biol Psychiatry, 2002, 52(11): 1057-1065. [58] Shang Yingchun, Wang Xin, Shang Xueliang, et al. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation effectively facilitates spatial cognition and synaptic plasticity associated with increasing the levels of BDNF and synaptic proteins in Wistar rats [J]. Neurobiology of Learning & Memory, 2016, 134: 369-378. [59] Lenz M, Platschek S, Priesemann V, et al. Repetitive magnetic stimulation induces plasticity of excitatory postsynapses on proximal dendrites of cultured mouse CA1 pyramidal neurons [J]. Brain Structure & Function, 2015, 220(6): 3323-3337. [60] Vlachos A, Müller-Dahlhaus F, Rosskopp J, et al. Repetitive magnetic stimulation induces functional and structural plasticity of excitatory postsynapses in mouse organotypic hippocampal slice cultures [J]. Journal of Neuroscience, 2012, 32(48): 17514-17523. [61] 任维聪,张志杰,王铭维. 经颅磁刺激在时间认知研究中的应用 [J]. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2012, 20(5): 646-648. [62] 乔清理,王秀宏,王明时. 经颅磁刺激在大脑皮质研究中的应用和进展 [J]. 生物物理学报, 2001, 17(2): 217-223. [63] Muller PA, Dhamne SC, Vahabzadeh-Hagh AM, et al. Suppression of motor cortical excitability in anesthetized rats by low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation [J]. PLoS ONE, 2014, 9(3): e91065. [64] Thickbroom GW. Transcranial magnetic stimulation and synaptic plasticity: experimental framework and human models [J]. Experimental Brain Research, 2007, 180(4): 583-593. [65] Hoppenrath K, Funke K. Time-course of changes in neuronal activity markers following iTBS-TMS of the rat neocortex [J]. Neuroscience Letters, 2013, 536(1): 19-23. [66] Labedi A, Benali A, Mix A, et al. Modulation of inhibitory activity markers by intermittent theta-burst stimulation in rat cortex is NMDA-receptor dependent [J]. Brain Stimulation, 2014, 7(3): 394-400. [67] Trippe J, Mix A, Aydinabidin S, et al. θ burst and conventional low-frequency rTMS differentially affect GABAergic neurotransmission in the rat cortex [J]. Experimental Brain Research, 2009, 199(3-4): 411-421. [68] Tang A, Thickbroom G, Rodger J. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the brain: mechanisms from animal and experimental models [J]. The Neuroscientist, 2017, 23(1): 82-94. [69] Li Qun, Brusramer M, Martin JH, et al. Electrical stimulation of the medullary pyramid promotes proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in the corticospinal tract of the adult rat [J]. Neuroscience Letters, 2010, 479(2): 128-133.
