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| Advances in the Application of 3D Printed Microneedle Biosensor for Continuous Glucose Monitoring |
| Liu Jun1, Fan Kai1, Yao Danyu1, Gan Kaifeng3, SuChang4, Wang Ling1,2, Xu Mingen1,2* |
1(School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018,China)
2(Key Laboratory of Medical Information and 3D Bioprinting of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310018,China)
3(Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University,Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China)
4(The Children′s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Hangzhou 310051,China) |
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Abstract Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Continuous glucose monitoring is a crucial component in the management of diabetes. Microneedle technology is an emerging method for blood glucose monitoring, which offers significant advantages such as painless, continuous, and real-time monitoring. Traditional microneedle manufacturing techniques, such as micromolding, have limitations including lower precision and lack of customizability. 3D printing technology, with its high precision, customization, and material versatility, has emerged as a new approach for microneedle fabrication. This review summarized the latest advancements in 3D printed microneedles, covering key technologies, printing principles, printable materials, and medical applications. We discussed the progress of microneedle-based glucose sensors in continuous glucose monitoring, including the underlying principles, microneedle preparation, electrochemical performance characterization, and wearable integration technologies. Finally, this review explored the challenges of 3D printed microneedles, along with future directions for the development of microneedle biosensors.
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Received: 06 August 2024
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Corresponding Authors:
*E-mail: xumingen@hdu.edu.cn
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