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| Numerical Simulation and Experiment for Diffusion and Deposition of Aerosol in Realistic Human Upper Respiratory Tract under the Effect of Fluid-Solid Interaction |
| Xu Xinxi1, *, Sun Dong2, Zhao Xiuguo1, Li Fusheng3, Liu Yajun1 |
1(Institute of Medical Equipment,Academy of Military Medical Sciences; National Biological Protection Engineering Center,Tianjin 300161,China)
2(Institute of Military Transportation,Tianjin 300161,China)
3(No.291 Hospital of People’s Liberation Army,Baotou 014040, Inner Mongolia,China) |
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Abstract The diffusion and deposition of aerosol in human upper respiratory tract was simulated by using the large eddy simulation method and Lagrangian stochastic trajectory model with 3D standardized model of realistic human upper respiratory tract under the fluid-solid interaction and cyclic respiratory pattern. The influence of vortex evolution on the diffusion of aerosol was analyzed and the deposition fraction of aerosol in human upper respiratory tract was measured, which verified that the numerical simulation method was accurate and reasonable. The results showed that the aerosol particles with size of 0.3 μm were more likely to pass through the upper respiratory tract and move into the lower bronchus than the particles with size of 6.5 μm in the phase of inhalation. The aerosol particles entering into the upper tract by the exhalation flow returned, convoluted or deposited in the tract and some of the aerosol particles were taken out of mouth during the exhalation. The deposition fraction of the aerosol particles with sizes of 0.3 μm and 6.5 μm was high in throat and trachea, and low in the mouth. The deposition fraction of the aerosol particles with size of 6.5 μm in different zones of the upper respiratory tract was obviously higher than that with size of 0.3 μm. With the fluid-solid interaction, the deposition fraction of aerosol particles decreased due to the airflow impact cushioning caused by the deformation of respiratory tract. The mechanism of deposition for the larger aerosol particles was inertial impaction, and the deposition for the smaller aerosol particles was more likely to be affected by the turbulent dispersion and entrainment of eddy current.
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Received: 25 May 2016
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